Who Is Gwangjong In Scarlet Heart? – Aljazeera medical center

Who is Gwangjong in scarlet heart? – Gwangjong (Wang So) was the 4th king of Goryeo. He tried to stabilize the kingship and raise a new wave of political forces while developed a cultural heritage inspired by China. He drove the kingdom into debt and declared him a tyrant for his cruelty.
In popular culture –

Portrayed by Kim Sang-joong in the 2002–2003 KBS TV series The Dawn of the Empire,
Portrayed by Jung Seung-woo in the 2009 KBS2 TV series Empress Cheonchu,
Portrayed by Jang Hyuk in the 2015 MBC TV series Shine or Go Crazy,
Portrayed by Lee Joon-gi in the 2016 SBS TV series Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo,

Contents

Who is King Gwangjong of Korea?

King Gwangjong of Goryeo: Tyrant or Reformer? – Gwangjong 광종 ( 光宗 ) Personal Name: Wong So 왕소(王昭) Born: 925 Died: July 4, 975 As Seen On TV: The 4th King of the Goryeo Dynasty, you can see his story played out in the 2015 MBC drama, Shine Or Go Crazy and the 2016 SBS drama, Scarlet Heart: Ryeo Scarlet Heart: Ryeo’s 보보경심: 려 interpretation of Gwangjong For those watching Moonlovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo, let’s start by clarifying that Gwangjong did not kill all his brothers. But more about that later. Various interpretations exist regarding Gwangjong’s reign.

He has been portrayed during most of Korean history as a bloody tyrant. However, some now see Gwangjong as a great reformer and attribute his reign for laying the foundation of Goryeo which lasted for 475 years. We will take a look at his reign and establish fact versus drama fiction. Stability Through Establishing A Strong Central Government: Following the death of Goryeo’s first king, Taejo Wang Gun in 943, the young kingdom of Goryeo was left in a turbulent and shaky situation.

The following two kings had short reigns and lacked the political strength to stabilize the young kingdom. In 949, Taejo’s 4th son, Wong So, now known as Gwongjong, became Goryeo’s 4th king. Gwongjong took many measures to stabilize the kingdom by strengthening royal authority and creating a strong central government.

Among some of his measure was the creation of a large military loyal to him, and declaring himself “Emperor” 왕제. Declaring himself as an emperor was considered a super bold and audacious move because the only emperor was the Chinese emperor. The first seven of Gwangjong’s reign was considered peaceful and he was viewed to be a strong and wise king.

But Then History Turns Against Him In Gwangjong’s time, the aristocracy, which consisted of family clans and military generals, held massive of power and influence in the kingdom; many of whom were awarded Meritorious Service for having helped his father establish the new kingdom. “Gwang” 광 can can mean either “bright” or “shine” 光 or it can mean “to go crazy,” 狂 – Hence the drama title “Shine or Go Crazy” 빛나거나 미치거나 Slave Reform Act 노비안검법: One of his most famous reforms was enacting the Slave Review Act in 956. Under this act, a new commission was set up to review the origins of slaves to ensure they were legally acquired.

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated. This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone. First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power. Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

Establishment of Civil Service Exam 과거 제도: The other reform Gwangjong is credited for was the establishment of the National Civil Service Exam in 958. This was a national test which allowed government officials to be recruited based on merit and scholarly attainment rather than family or political connections. Scarlet Heart’s interpretation of King Hyejong (left) and King Jeongjong (right) the 2nd and 3rd kings of Goryeo. Both were brothers of Gwangjong. Did Gwangjong instigate a bloody purge against the nobility or was he merely suppressing rebellious forces who were against his reforms? So this is where history takes a turn. Scarlet Heart’s – 9th Prince Wang Won Obviously, the powerful clans and military officers were not happy to lose their military strength, to lose their slaves, and to lose their status of Meritorious Service for the founding of Goryeo. Their discontent became too much to bare and they reacted by staging a rebellion.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt. As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers. The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

Other relatives who were purged in the rebellion included his nephews Prince HeungHwa 흥화궁군 (son of King Hyejong 혜종, the 2nd king) and Prince Gyeongchunwon 경춘원군 (son of King Jeongjong 정종, the 3rd king). According to historical records, Gwangjong’s son, Wang Joo (the future King Gyungjong 경종 ) was caught up in treasonous accusations. Did he really m arry his half-sister? Yes he did. He also married his niece, the daughter of King Hyejong (the 2nd king) and the sister of one of the nephews he purged in the rebellion of 960. (That must have been pretty awkward!) He was the first and only Goryeo king to marry such close relatives.

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

( Comments on this topic is welcomed and encouraged! ) Why the Bad Rap? As the old saying goes, history is written by the winners, It can also be said that history is written by the survivors. Goryeo statesmen and historian, Choe Seungno 최승로 was an the advisor to six generation of kings beginning with Taejo.

During the reign of Gwongjong’s grandson, King Seongjong 성종, Choe wrote an ancient equivalent of a “Tell-All” book documenting the past glories and failures of all the past kings he served.
Choe especially slammed Gwangjong and placed blame on him for a variety of things.
Choe’s account and his interpretation of Gwangjong’s actions is the version that has stuck in history.

In Conclusion: Gwongjong’s reign lasted for 26 years. Goryeo lasted for another 400 years. His reforms such as the Slave Reform Act and the National Civil Service Exam are still taught over 1000 years later. So what do you think, tyrant of reformer? List of Dramas Featuring Gwongjong

Taejo Wanggun 《 태조 왕건 》 KBS1, 2000 The Dawn of the Empire 《 제국의 아침 》,KBS1, 2002 Empress Chunchu 《 천추태후 》 KBS2, 2009 Shine or Go Crazy 《 빛나거나 미치거나 》 MBC, 2015 Scarlet Heart: Ryeo 《 보보경심: 려 》, SBS, 2016

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

What happened to King Gwangjong’s son Wang Joo?

He has been portrayed during most of Korean history as a bloody tyrant. However, some now see Gwangjong as a great reformer and attribute his reign for laying the foundation of Goryeo which lasted for 475 years. We will take a look at his reign and establish fact versus drama fiction. Stability Through Establishing A Strong Central Government: Following the death of Goryeo’s first king, Taejo Wang Gun in 943, the young kingdom of Goryeo was left in a turbulent and shaky situation.

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated. This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone. First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power. Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt. As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers. The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

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During the reign of Gwongjong’s grandson, King Seongjong 성종, Choe wrote an ancient equivalent of a “Tell-All” book documenting the past glories and failures of all the past kings he served. Choe especially slammed Gwangjong and placed blame on him for a variety of things. Choe’s account and his interpretation of Gwangjong’s actions is the version that has stuck in history.

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

Who is Hong Hong Jong hyun from Scarlet Heart?

Hong Jong Hyun is best known for his leading roles in Her Lovely Heels and Mama, both shown in 2014. Her role as Yeon Hwa in Scarlet Heart: Ryeo may be her first big one, but she’s already in the running for the Best New Actress (Television) award in the 53rd Baeksang Art Awards.

What did King Gwangjong do to his enemies?

Reign – When Gwangjong ascended the throne on April 13, 949, at the age of 25, the kingdom of Goryeo was unstable: to unify the Later Three Kingdoms, his father Taejo made alliances with powerful and influential families through marriages. Keeping them satisfied was paramount, as those families all had their own armies and could rebel at any time.

For this reason, Gwangjong felt the need to consolidate the power of the king and made the creation of an absolute monarchy the purpose of his entire government. To avoid an increase in the power and in the influence of noble families, he refused to marry a woman from a noble clan, but instead married into the royal family: Queen Daemok was his half-sister, whose mother came from the Hwangju Hwangbo family, while his second wife, Lady Gyeonghwa, was born by his elder half-brother Hyejong, the second king of Goryeo, and his first wife Queen Uihwa of the Jinju Im clan.

Along with studying Taizong of Tang ‘s book Difan ( Chinese : 帝範 ; lit. ‘Rules for an emperor’) to better understand what to do, as he found many similarities between his situation and that of Taizong, Gwangjong rewarded all those who contributed to the progress of Goryeo, also making much effort to maintain good diplomatic relations with neighboring countries.

This allowed him to concentrate power from within and without the court, and, seven years after the start of his reign, enact a series of reforms to promote a stable and royal-centered political system, and to expand economy and military. His first reform was the law of emancipation of slaves ( Korean : 노비안검법 ; RR : Nobi -angeombeop ) in 956.

The noble families had many slaves, mainly prisoners of war, who served as private soldiers; they numbered more than commoners and didn’t pay taxes to the crown, but to the clan they worked for. By emancipating them, Gwangjong turned them into commoners, weakening the noble families’ power, and gaining people who paid taxes to the king and could become part of his army.

This reform won his government the support of the people, while nobles were against it; even queen Daemok tried to stop the king as the law affected her family, but to no avail.
Regarding foreign policy, Gwangjong maintained the close connection between China and Goryeo which was made by Taejo of Goryeo, focusing on the relationship with Later Zhou and the Song dynasty,

Many diplomats were sent back and forth between the two countries, as well as many goods. Gwangjong also built diplomatic relationships with Wuyue, In 957, Later Zhou diplomat and scholar Shuang Ji was sent to Goryeo as an envoy. Gwangjong discovered his ability and requested him to stay; Shuang Ji agreed and worked as a Goryeo official: with his advice, Gwangjong instituted the national civil service examination ( Korean : 과거 ; RR : Gwageo ) in 958, with the goal to expel officials who gained court positions due to family influence or reputation rather than by merit.

The examination, based on the Tang ‘s civil service exam and the Confucian classics, was open to all male free-borns to give everyone, not only the rich and powerful people, the opportunity to work for the state, but in practice only sons of the gentry could gain the necessary education to take the exam; royal relatives of the five highest ranks were, instead, left out on purpose.

In 960, the king introduced different colours for court robes to distinguish officials of different ranks. During Gwangjong’s reign, medical centers known as Daebi-won ( Korean : 대비원 ; Hanja : 大悲院 ; lit. “houses of mercy”), which provided free medicines to poor patients, were set up in Kaesong and Pyongyang, later expanding in the provinces as the Hyeminguk ( Korean : 혜민국 ; Hanja : 惠民局 ; lit.

“public health department”). Taejo had established regional granaries ( Korean : 의창 ; Hanja : 義倉 ; RR : uichang ) to face the times of drought, and Gwangjong added jewibo ( Korean : 제위보 ; Hanja : 濟危寶 ), stores which charged interests on grain loans, which were then used for poor relief. These measures, even if in modified forms, kept on working for the next 900 years, parallel to better cultivation methods to keep up with the growth of population.

When emperor Shizong of Later Zhou died in 959, leaving the throne to his six-year-old son, the dynasty fell as the army, who was marching towards the northern border, defected and chose its commander Zhao Kuangyin as emperor. As Zhao decided to return from battlefield to found the Song dynasty, he left the mountains of Manchuria and the northern plains to Khitans and Jurchens,

To improve Goryeo’s defences, Gwangjong reorganized and expanded military, and built twelve garrisons along the northeast and northwest borders; also, under his reign, the kingdom moved the border beyond the Chongchon river, heading towards the Yalu river,
Gwangjong saw the association of religious institutions and the state as an aid to subdue local lords, and chose the abbot of Haeinsa Temple to promote Buddhism among the people.

He took capable monks as advisers, and promoted the construction of temples: for example, he built the Yongjusa Temple in Cheongju, North Chungcheong, in 962, and the Cheongpyeongsa Temple in Chuncheon, Gangwon, in 973. The king also created an exam for Buddhist priests, called seonggwa ( Korean : 성과 ), to link the government and the church, and he attempted to make peace between the Zen and textual schools to unify them under a single order, but he didn’t have much success.

Other actions undertaken to reinforce the royal authority were naming Goryeo an empire and himself Emperor, thus ending tributary relationships with China; calling Kaesong the Imperial Capital and Pyongyang the Western Capital, and adopting the era name Gwangdeok ( Korean : 광덕 ; Hanja : 光德 ; lit.
Shining virtue”) from 949 to 951, and Junpung ( Korean : 준풍 ; Hanja : 峻豊 ; lit.

“exorbitant abundance”) from 960 to 963. By placing himself in the position of the emperor, he tried to instill in his servants that he had an absolute power. Gwangjong’s reforms were not well-received by the nobles, especially by high military and civil officials who helped his father in the foundation of Goryeo.

The dissent of the nobles led them to stage a rebellion, but this attempt failed.
In his eleventh year of reign, 960, Gwangjong started a series of purges, killing off his opposers: among them, there were his brother Wang Won (ninth prince Hyoeun), who was suspected of treason and poisoned, king Hyejong’s son prince Heunghwa, and king Jeongjong’s son prince Gyeongchunwon.

Gwangjong also mistrusted his eldest son Wang Ju, who was five years old at the time. At the end of the purges, only forty of Taejo’s 3,200 meritorious subjects who helped him in unifying the Later Three Kingdoms were still alive.

Who is King Gwangjong of Korea?

He has been portrayed during most of Korean history as a bloody tyrant. However, some now see Gwangjong as a great reformer and attribute his reign for laying the foundation of Goryeo which lasted for 475 years. We will take a look at his reign and establish fact versus drama fiction. Stability Through Establishing A Strong Central Government: Following the death of Goryeo’s first king, Taejo Wang Gun in 943, the young kingdom of Goryeo was left in a turbulent and shaky situation.

Among some of his measure was the creation of a large military loyal to him, and declaring himself “Emperor” 왕제. Declaring himself as an emperor was considered a super bold and audacious move because the only emperor was the Chinese emperor. The first seven of Gwangjong’s reign was considered peaceful and he was viewed to be a strong and wise king.

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated. This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone. First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power. Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt. As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers. The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

During the reign of Gwongjong’s grandson, King Seongjong 성종, Choe wrote an ancient equivalent of a “Tell-All” book documenting the past glories and failures of all the past kings he served. Choe especially slammed Gwangjong and placed blame on him for a variety of things. Choe’s account and his interpretation of Gwangjong’s actions is the version that has stuck in history.

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Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

What happened to King Gwangjong’s son Wang Joo?

Among some of his measure was the creation of a large military loyal to him, and declaring himself “Emperor” 왕제.
Declaring himself as an emperor was considered a super bold and audacious move because the only emperor was the Chinese emperor.
The first seven of Gwangjong’s reign was considered peaceful and he was viewed to be a strong and wise king.

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated.
This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone.
First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power.
Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt. As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers. The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

Who were King Hyejong and King Jeongjong?

He has been portrayed during most of Korean history as a bloody tyrant.
However, some now see Gwangjong as a great reformer and attribute his reign for laying the foundation of Goryeo which lasted for 475 years.
We will take a look at his reign and establish fact versus drama fiction.
Stability Through Establishing A Strong Central Government: Following the death of Goryeo’s first king, Taejo Wang Gun in 943, the young kingdom of Goryeo was left in a turbulent and shaky situation.

You might be interested: How To Treat A Migraine At Home?

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated.
This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone.
First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power.
Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt.
As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers.
The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

During the reign of Gwongjong’s grandson, King Seongjong 성종, Choe wrote an ancient equivalent of a “Tell-All” book documenting the past glories and failures of all the past kings he served.
Choe especially slammed Gwangjong and placed blame on him for a variety of things.
Choe’s account and his interpretation of Gwangjong’s actions is the version that has stuck in history.

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

What happened to the civil service exam after King Gwangjong died?

He has been portrayed during most of Korean history as a bloody tyrant.
However, some now see Gwangjong as a great reformer and attribute his reign for laying the foundation of Goryeo which lasted for 475 years.
We will take a look at his reign and establish fact versus drama fiction.
Stability Through Establishing A Strong Central Government: Following the death of Goryeo’s first king, Taejo Wang Gun in 943, the young kingdom of Goryeo was left in a turbulent and shaky situation.

Among some of his measure was the creation of a large military loyal to him, and declaring himself “Emperor” 왕제.
Declaring himself as an emperor was considered a super bold and audacious move because the only emperor was the Chinese emperor.
The first seven of Gwangjong’s reign was considered peaceful and he was viewed to be a strong and wise king.

Those that were found to be illegally acquired were then emancipated. This was genius move because he was able to kill two birds with one stone. First, this decreased the number of slaves owned by powerful clans and military officers, thereby decreasing their power. Second, these newly emancipated slaves became tax payers, who fed into the royal coffers.

The rebellion failed miserably and as a result, in 960, there was a purge of all those involved in the failed rebellion attempt. As mentioned at the top of the article, Gwongjong did not kill all his brothers. The only brother that he killed was his half brother, the 9th Prince HyoEun 효은태자 ( aka: Wang Wun 왕원 ).

It is unclear to this writer as to why he decided to marry such close relatives. Perhaps he was trying to revive ancient Silla’s Bone Rank System by creating a “pure blooded” royal family. Perhaps he was doing this as a measure to strengthen royal authority by not allowing any other clans to join the royal family as in-laws.

During the reign of Gwongjong’s grandson, King Seongjong 성종, Choe wrote an ancient equivalent of a “Tell-All” book documenting the past glories and failures of all the past kings he served.
Choe especially slammed Gwangjong and placed blame on him for a variety of things.
Choe’s account and his interpretation of Gwangjong’s actions is the version that has stuck in history.

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Empress Chunchu’s interpretation of Gwangjong

Mujahid Karam Ba